Duterte's arrest could boost ICC's credibility

14/3/2025 6:07

The arrest of former

Philippines President Rodrigo Duterte has given a timely boost

to the International Criminal Court, which is facing U.S.

sanctions and an investigation into alleged sexual misconduct by

its chief prosecutor.

Duterte was detained in Manila on an ICC warrant and flown to

The Hague, where he was taken into custody on Wednesday. He will

be brought before a judge for an initial court appearance on

Friday.



"It's a game-changer right now in terms of the court's

credibility," said Danya Chaikel, a representative of human

rights organisation FIDH.



Prosecutors at the world's permanent war crimes court accuse

the 79-year-old of forming and arming death squads held

responsible for the killing of thousands of drug users and

dealers during his rule.

Duterte, speaking in a video posted on social media, said he

took full responsibility for the "war on drugs". Prosecutors at

the ICC intend to charge him with crimes against humanity for

systematic attacks on the civilian population.



However, the court has been criticised for its slow trials

and relatively low number of convictions. In two decades,

prosecutors won six convictions for the court's core crimes, all

of them former African militia leaders.

It has no police force and relies on its 125 member states to

detain fugitives. Its top suspects remain at large.

Outstanding arrest warrants for political and military leaders

include Russian President Vladimir Putin, Israeli Prime Minister

Benjamin Netanyahu and former Sudanese President Omar

al-Bashir.



Israel and Russia have denied that their forces have

committed atrocities in Gaza and Ukraine respectively and say

the ICC has no jurisdiction over them. When Bashir's warrant was

issued, Sudan slammed the ICC as a neo-colonialist court.

The arrest warrant issued for Netanyahu prompted U.S. President

Donald Trump to reinstate sanctions through an executive order.

So far, it has targeted lead prosecutor Karim Khan, but it could

be widened to include anyone who assists the court's

investigations.







KHAN UNDER INVESTIGATION

On top of the external threats, which the court's president says

put it in jeopardy, Khan is the subject of a U.N.-led

investigation into alleged sexual misconduct, which he denies.



"It's been a couple of really rough months," said Iva

Vukusic, assistant professor of international history at Utrecht

University. "This is an opportunity for the court to be active,

be involved, and show that there's a reason for it to exist,"

she added.



ICC spokesperson Fadi El Abdallah would not comment other

than to say that all cases are important to the ICC.



Duterte is set to become the first Asian former head of

state to appear before the court.



"This is huge," said international lawyer Priya Pillai, who

leads the Asia Justice Coalition.



Pillai also pointed to the significance of the charges of

crimes against humanity against Duterte for killings of

civilians in a government crackdown, not a military conflict.



For the victims of Duterte's "war on drugs", his arrival in

The Hague feels like an answer to their prayers, said Gilbert

Andres, a lawyer who represents families of victims of

drug-related killings.



"They did not really expect that justice can still be served

to a powerful man such as Rodrigo Duterte," he told Reuters.



The war on drugs was the signature campaign platform that

swept Duterte to power in 2016. During his six years in office,

6,200 suspects were killed during anti-drug operations, by the

police's count. Activists say the real toll was far greater.



Duterte has long insisted he instructed police to kill only

in self-defence and has always defended the crackdown,

repeatedly telling his supporters he was ready to "rot in jail"

if it meant ridding the Philippines of illicit drugs.



A court of last resort, the ICC was founded to prosecute war

crimes, crimes against humanity, genocide and aggression when

its member states fail to act.



Police investigations in the Philippines have moved at a

snail's pace, by the administration's own admission, and neither

Duterte nor any of his top police commanders have been charged

with crimes locally.



In a video statement late on Wednesday, Khan acknowledged

criticism of international legal institutions.



"Many say that international law is not as strong as we

want, I agree with that. But I also repeatedly emphasise that

international law is not as weak as we think," he said.